| Liquid enters under pressure and is forced through a stationary turbine vane located inside the nozzle. As the liquid leaves the orifice the droplets follow a trajectory influenced by the orifice shape and vane design. The result is a consistent spray angle and uniform droplet distribution. Droplet size and spray distribution are very predictable and not dependant upon a laminar flow. The "free passage" of axial full cones are determined by the largest particle size that can pass through the vane without getting stuck. As a general rule, the free passage of an axial full cone nozzle is approximately 2/3 of the orifice diameter. Example: An axial full cone nozzle flowing 6 GPM at 40 PSI with a 90 degree spray angle would have a 1/2" connection and a free passage size of 0.205". | Liquid enters under pressure and is forced across sharp edges of the "spiral steps". The droplet size and trajectory of the spray is determined by the angle of each step. Since the step acts as a deflector, there are interruptions in the trajectory profile, resulting in incomplete spray coverage. The shearing of the liquid column tends to create a wider mixture of coarse and fine droplets. Turbulence, pulsation and other factors affecting the stability of the flow greatly affect the spray pattern and droplet distribution. Once the sharp edge of the steps wear, the droplet size and the flow rate increase. The spray angle also changes. One advantage of the pigtail design is that it has a relatively large free passage size, which is usually equal to the orifice diameter. Example: A pigtail full cone nozzle flowing 6 GPM at 40 PSI with a 90 degree spray angle would have a 3/8" connection and a free passage size of 0.187". | Liquid enters under pressure and is forced through an offset orifice and into a swirl chamber. As the liquid leaves the orifice the droplets follow a trajectory influenced by the orifice shape and the swirl chamber design. The result is a consistent spray angle and uniform droplet distribution. Droplet size and spray distribution are very predictable and not dependant upon a laminar flow. The "free passage" of vaneless full cones are determined by the largest particle size that can pass through the incoming orifice. Vaneless full cones provide the largest free passage that the capacity allows. Example: A vaneless full cone nozzle flowing 6 GPM at 40 PSI with a 90 degree spray angle would have a 1/2" connection and a free passage size of 0.308". |
